![]() ![]() Where the axon emerges from the cell body, there is a special region referred to as the axon hillock. The major parts of the neuron are labeled on a multipolar neuron from the CNS. shows the relationship of these parts to one another. This gives the neuron a polarity-meaning that information flows in this one direction. Information flows through a neuron from the dendrites, across the cell body, and down the axon. The dendrites are usually highly branched processes, providing locations for other neurons to communicate with the cell body. The other processes of the neuron are dendrites, which receive information from other neurons at specialized areas of contact called synapses. It is the axon that propagates the nerve impulse, which is communicated to one or more cells. That single axon can branch repeatedly to communicate with many target cells. Neurons are usually described as having one, and only one, axon-a fiber that emerges from the cell body and projects to target cells. But what makes neurons special is that they have many extensions of their cell membranes, which are generally referred to as processes. The cell body contains the nucleus and most of the major organelles. As you learned in the first section, the main part of a neuron is the cell body, which is also known as the soma (soma = “body”).
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